The FST Method
Filler · Spiller · Thriller
What is FST?
The Filler-Spiller-Thriller method is a container and bed design principle developed by professional horticulturists. It creates visually stunning, balanced arrangements by combining three types of plants:
Thriller — The Star
The thriller is your centerpiece — a tall, dramatic plant that draws the eye and establishes the vertical element. Think Canna Lilies, ornamental grasses, or angelonia.
- Placed in the center (containers) or back (beds)
- Usually the tallest plant in the arrangement
- 1 per container, 1-3 per bed
Filler — The Body
Fillers provide mass and color between the thriller and the edges. They're mounding, bushy plants like petunias, geraniums, or coleus.
- Arrange around the thriller
- Medium height, full and bushy
- 2-4 per container, 4-8+ per bed
Spiller — The Cascade
Spillers soften the edges and trail over the sides. Think sweet alyssum, creeping jenny, or trailing ivy.
- Placed at the edges where they can trail
- Low-growing, trailing habit
- 1-3 per container, 3-5+ per bed
Pro Tips
- 🌱 Same sun + zone — All plants in one arrangement need compatible requirements
- 🎨 Color harmony — Pick a palette (warm, cool, or monochrome) for cohesive design
- 💧 Water needs — Group plants with similar watering preferences
- 📐 Rule of odds — Odd numbers (3, 5, 7) create more natural-looking arrangements